A Fresh Look at Clichés

Recently a friend gave me a copy of It’s Been Said Before: A Guide to the Use and Abuse of Clichés by lexicographer Orin Hargraves. I was intrigued to read it because I had been wondering about clichés for some time.

Clichés are commonplace linguistic forms or formulas that serve a predicable function, much like idioms (“under the weather”) or stock transitional phrases (“on the one hand”). Clichés can be helpful when a writer needs to establish or invoke a commonly accepted idea in a way that is well-codified and easy to understand. Those same features, codification and simplicity, can also make commonly used phrases appear trite.

Nevertheless, we rely on them. We may use them when we are writing on a deadline (hence their prevalence in workaday journalism) and we may use them when we are speaking extemporaneously and can’t always aim for thoughtful originality. We may use them because we are lazy or don’t really care about the piece we are writing. Whatever the reason, clichés fill the page or the ear with words and present the illusion of description: we write about “a deafening silence,” “an accident waiting to happen,” “a recipe for disaster,” “spilled milk,” and “death blows.”

If clichés are so bad, why do they even exist?  New ones arise all the time as part of the life cycle of linguistic forms. What was once a fresh metaphor becomes popular then all-too-common and then clichéd: the once-evocative “dumpster fire” is already in need of a replacement and the phrase “past its sell-by date" may be past its own sell-by date. The most tattered clichés never disappear: “fit as a fiddle,” “alive and kicking,” “in this day and age,” “a country mile,” “seemed like an eternity,” and “head in the sand” are recycled endlessly in the thrift shop of our vocabularies.

Like idioms, clichés can also become so automatic that we may lose track of their literal senses: “After the storm, builders came out of the woodwork.” “It’s time to bite the bullet on gun control." "I will touch base with you about baseball on Sunday.” “Choosing the correct floral arrangement is not so cut and dried.” The reader or listener may focus on the clumsy, unintended semantic mismatch. And If you are lucky, people will think you are punning!

I began to suspect that we all fall into clichés when the writing gets uncomfortable—when we are commenting on topics...

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