Senin, 24 April 2017

The Unique New Workout Style That Combines Gymnastics and Weight Training

If you read my article "How To Get a Strong & Shredded Body With Just Two Gymnastics-Style Workouts Per Week." or you saw my Get-Fit Guy article “How To Get The Body Of A Gymnast” then you know that for most of this past winter and "off-season" I've been implementing a unique mash-up of gymnastics and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) to unlock a potent combination of strength, cardio, bulging biceps, rippling abs and beyond.

So, based on my work with gymnast Stephen McCain, I now, two times a week, throw into my routine the exact program I'm about to highlight below: a hybrid combination of HIIT, gymnastics and—to put the puke-inducing icing on the cake—the weight training complexes introduced to me by yet another friend, Rob Shoecraft in my article last week entitled "The Most Potent Training Method On The Face Of The Planet For Supercharging Conditioning, Melting Fat, Busting Through Strength Plateaus & Banishing Long Drawn-Out Warm-Ups Forever."

With Stephen’s help, in this special two-part series, I’m going to outline an  approach to getting a strong and shredded body using these hybrid gymnastics training techniques, along with my own addition of some high intensity intervals for athletes and exercisers who a bit more of a cardio component. Here's Stephen's unique workout recommendation:


Almost every gymnast I have ever met got started in gymnastics because they were climbing the walls as a kid.  You have never seen a happier kid than I was while sprinting to the monkey bars during recess in elementary school.  And, it didn’t stop at school.  When I yanked the chandelier out of the ceiling at home, my mom decided it was time to put me in gymnastics. 

The sport and practice of gymnastics is really just one giant obstacle course.

After 2 decades of hard work, I perfected those “monkey bars.”  So when Ben Greenfield asked me to help him put together a Spartan Race training plan that incorporated body weight and the type of high intensity gymnastic training I introduced to him in the article "How To Get A Strong and Shredded Body With Just Two Gymnastics-Style Workouts Per Week", I was excited to help.

This makes perfect sense because the sport and practice of gymnastics is really just one giant obstacle course.  The only caveat is this: gymnasts have to make it look really easy and artistic.  I believe using an obstacle course training program that includes gymnastics strength elements will prepare you for the rigours of the many types of obstacles you will encounter during a Spartan Race.  Armed with the conditioning these gymnastics exercises will give, you can navigate your Spartan Race obstacles with greater ease, and dare I say…artistically. And, let's face it: it's a great change-up from the ho-hum, standard obstacle course training you might currently be doing.

Core

My recommended gymnastics core exercises will strengthen your torso, connect the muscles of your upper and lower body, and allow you to coordinate your obstacle course movements with more precision, balance, and stability.  You will be able to pull with an arm and push with a leg as one cohesive unit.  You will also be able to extend your body to reach without collapsing in your midsection.  With a strong core, all of your movements will improve, and you'll look a whole heckuva lot less like Bambi on ice during your obstacle course training.

Straight Body Hold Between Mats 

V-Ups

Olga Crunch

L Sit Drills

Inversions

Using this training, you will spend time doing inversion exercises where you are bearing most of your weight on your hands.  This is where gymnastics training really opens up new possibilities for manipulating your weight.  You will be able to lever your feet from one point to another while holding your weight with your upper body.  You will also be able to crawl more efficiently and hurl your body over objects.   Being comfortable and strong on your hands will give you another gear in the race. Can you say "barb wire crawl" like Flash the superhero? Yeah, I thought so. This will do that for you.

Planch Walk with Sliders (or with paper plates)

Crab Walk with Sliders (or with paper plates)

10 Press First Half Drills - Press Compression slider assist (1 min to end of video)

Press Ball Assist

Max Time Wall Handstand

Pulling

Without question, you must have the ability to pull yourself up and over certain obstacles.  In my opinion, there is no better exercise for this than mastering the ring Muscle Up. You might already know this, but the Muscle Up is a combination of a pull up and a dip exercise.  What it really gives you is the ability to pull up and distribute your weight onto your hands so you can push down...just like pulling yourself out of the water on the edge of a swimming pool, or pulling yourself over an 8, 10 or 12 foot wall.  If you can master that tricky part of manipulating your weight from pulling up to pushing down, you can really gain an advantage to climbing over just about anything.

Muscle Up Thera Band Assist

Pulling Shoulder Exercise

Grip Strength Exercise

"Russian" Climb Technique & Demo from Andrea Murray, a professional Aerialist. You can check out her work on Instagram @andre_amichelle.

A close-up breakdown of the "Russian" Climb

Bonus: A Combination climb showcasing efficiency & energy conservation capacity at work!

Full Extension Eccentric Rope Exercise

 

How to Use Weight Training Complexes to the Routine

In addition to gymnastics training, my desire with this program was to still expose my body to "lifting heavy stuff": not only for the anti-aging and aesthetic benefits, but to also ensure I'm able to handle elements I may experience during my obstacle course racing, such as heavy bucket carries, sandbag carries, log carries, tire flips, etc.

Enter complexes: a form of lifting in which one strings together three to up to a dozen different exercises - exercises that usually multi-joint and usually performed with an unwieldy object like a barbell, kettlebell and sandbag. For example, the Crossfit Bear complex is comprised of 7 total sets of 1 repetition each of power clean, front squat, push press, back squat and push press (you finish that last push press and go straight back into power cleans. 

Why complexes?

As Rob says on his excellent complex database page, they are "an efficient and aggressive method of performance enhancement that saves time..."

These words, originally written by Istvan Javorek (who is a strength coach acclaimed for making complexes very well known) sum up these exercises in one sentence.

Rob goes on to say...

..."In case you’re not familiar with complexes as they’re defined in the fitness space, they’re an array of exercises designed to be completed in one continuous set. That, I know, is a very general description, but that’s part of their beauty; they leave much to the sadistic trainer’s imagination.

Complexes can fit neatly into just about any exercise program, and there’s no fitness goal they can’t help you tackle; whether it be conditioning, fat loss, muscle growth, strength or masochism."

Rob describes the benefits of complexes as:

“...Efficient and aggressive: If massive amounts of volume packed into a minute or two of work is efficient, then he’s on the money here. Javorek’s original barbell complex, for instance, demands 30 reps across five compound exercises in one set.

And aggressive? Yeh, complexes are pretty freakin’ aggressive. I told one of my clients just last night, as he geared up for his third set of Ben Bruno’s Brutal Trap Bar Complex (10 split squats, 10 RDLs, and 10 deadlifts) that he was about to go to war. Five minutes after the set, while he was still lying on his back, he knew exactly what I was talking about. Complexes force you to be aggressive. They’re an amazing tool for sewing toughness, and insist that you to drive past your breaking point without looking back.

....“performance enhancement: I can’t help but think of Smiling Bob from those stupid Enzyte commercials anytime someone says “performance enhancements” (that’s just my cross to bear), but I don’t think that’s what Javorek had in mind (unless he’s copping Arnold’s style). No, what he’s referring to are the indisputable gains athletes experience when they add complexes to their programming.

"...in addition to muscular endurance, complex practitioners also quickly notice the increase in strength and hypertrophy. Dan John often refers to hypertrophy as “armor building”, and in his book Mass Made Simple he includes a routine that will drop you in a suit of plate mail (you get to do up to 80 reps of bent rows, hang cleans, front squats, overhead presses, back squats and good mornings without putting the bar down).

“...makes the program more enjoyable: I just adore puking on the floor and spontaneously crapping my pants…it’s just so darn “enjoyable”. Javorek, you crazy Romanian!I’m just joshing ya, buddy. I know what you’re talking about. Complexes are synonymous with variety, which staves off a stale time at the gym, and in some cases, might just foster an enjoyable experience. Not to mention the sheer feeling of accomplishment, knowing that you just slayed an exercise that would literally have killed 50% of American couch potatoes. Completing complexes feels good (then again, so does crapping in your pants…for just a second…but I wouldn’t know…more than once…ok, twice…)."

That about sums it up, but if you want to take a deeper dive into the nitty gritty of complexes, then you should check out Rob's full article from last week published right here on my site:"The Most Potent Training Method On The Face Of The Planet For Supercharging Conditioning, Melting Fat, Busting Through Strength Plateaus & Banishing Long Drawn-Out Warm-Ups Forever."

As you'll see in the program that will come in Part 2 of this series, I also have a certain section of the workout in which I perform a few basic weight training complexes.

Menwhile, if you have questions, comments or feedback about this episode, you can join the conversation at http://ift.tt/1PKzcip. 



Minggu, 23 April 2017

6 Ways to Relax During Stress Awareness Month

Stress Awareness Month has been held every April since 1992 to increase awareness about the causes and cures of this modern phenomenon. “Even though we’ve learned a lot about stress in the past twenty years,” Dr. Morton C. Orman, M.D., Founder and Director of HRN, writes on the Stress Awareness Month website, “we’ve got a long way to go. New information is now available that could help millions of Americans eliminate their suffering.”

Families today definitely fit the bill for being overworked and overstressed. We are running in dozens of directions both at home, work and running our kids to all their extracurricular activities. Spring truly is a time to reevaluate and get back in control.  In light of this, Mighty Mommy shares 6 ways that families can embrace Stress Awareness Month and make some simple changes that could have a lasting impact all year long.

#1.  Take Back Your Personal Health

Taking control of your personal health can make a great difference in the amount of stress you feel. The best way to reclaim control of your life is by taking charge of your body. Whether it is through diet, exercise, or simply getting that check up you've been putting off, let April be the month you put yourself back in control.  QDT’s Get-Fit-Guy, Ben Greenfield, is an expert in the matter of getting your body into great physical and mental shape. In How to Get Back Into Shape, he states, “So when you're trying to get back into shape after a substantial break, should you ease into it or should you just shock your system? Whether you've been inspired by a New Year's resolution, an uncooperative wardrobe, or an unfriendly bathroom mirror, my article will teach you how to get back into shape quickly and safely after a break from exercise.” 

Ben Greenfield lays out an easy plan for the first 2-6 weeks of re-entry into the world of physical activity. You know your family best, so adapt some regimens that work for you.  Perhaps you can commit to all walking the dog together each night after dinner, or forgo dessert and instead do some yard clean-up.  Clear your Saturday for family time that includes hiking or bike riding. Hit the farmers’ market and make meals from farm-to-table ingredients several times a week.  Substitute soda or sugar drinks for ice cold water.  Healthy choices on a regular basis will curb the stress in your family’s daily lives.

#2.  Practice Random Acts of Kindness

Living in the 21st century means living in a material-laden world. There’s absolutely nothing wrong with our kid’s enjoying the many sophisticated products of this wonderful time we live in, but they also need to learn the art of gratitude and how to do kind things for others just for the sake of paying it forward. Practicing monthly random acts of kindness as a family is a great way to do something special together that will automatically decreases the stress and increases the joy level in your household. Some ideas are:

Week One: Surprise! Anonymously leave a note, treat, artwork, and/or gift for a stranger.

Week Two: Create! Select a project that inspires childhood creativity.

Week Three: Give! Pick a way to give that spreads love, joy and encouragement.

Week Four: Serve! Find a way to help others with your actions!  (Volunteering & Community Service)

Week Five: Thank! Develop a way to express appreciation and gratitude to those who make our world a better place.   For more ideas, check out my "Mighty Acts of Random Kindness" board on Pinterest.


 

#3.  Read about Happiness

When life becomes a roller coaster and you don’t have a chance to catch your breath, you can do yourself and your family a world of good by slowing down and shifting gears.  One such way to do that is to stop your crazy daily routine and make some time to get inspired.  Reading the right books are one such way to make this happen, and thankfully, we have some wonderful authors who have chosen to write about a much-needed topic: happiness.  Here are some choices for both adults and kids that can easily make an impact on relieving a bit of stress with these happier thoughts.

Happy This Year!: The Secret to Getting Happy Once and for All  by Will Bowen

The Happiness Project by Gretchen Ruben

Happy by Pharrell Williams

The Jar of Happiness by Alisa Burrows. This is a sweet book with a great message that is presented in a way that preschoolers and young elementary kids can relate to.

#4.  Have a Good Laugh Together

According to the Mayo Clinic, laughter is a great stress reliever and alleviates tension in the body while boosting our overall mood. In our house with 8 children, 2 dogs and a bunny laughter truly is the best medicine.  Whether we watch a funny movie or TV show, tell each other jokes, or just get silly for absolutely no reason—we can turn the dial from high stress to plain old fun in no time at all.

#5.  Organize your life

Organization offers a sense of control and peace of mind, and there’s a number of ways you can improve in this regard. Today’s parents are juggling more activities, obligations, work commitments, and family matters than ever before.  With life continually getting busier, there is one thing that can make the difference between a calm and stress-free household and a chaotic, overwhelmed one—organization! Check out 10 Ways to Be a More Organized Parent to find ways to de-stress your household by way of getting everything in order from your home’s entryway, to your car, meal planning, morning routine, and more.

#6.  Find a Calming Routine

 When you work to manage your own behavior first, you effectively neutralize the power struggle and keep stress at bay.

We do so many things automatically without even thinking about it, such as lash out at our kids when they behave badly in public. This happens because we want to get our kids under control first and foremost and forestall any further embarrassment. But in reality, the thing that would be most productive is to get our own stress levels in check before responding to the child’s outburst.

When one of my kids is pushing my buttons or doing something that I find completely unacceptable, I count to 10 (sometimes a lot more!) and talk to myself in the process.  “Stay calm and in control,” I tell myself.  By taking a few seconds to step away from my child’s poor behavior and get my own feelings in check, I can usually shift from being frustrated and ready to lash out to a reasonable state where I can handle my child’s situation without losing my composure. When you work to manage your own behavior first, you effectively neutralize the power struggle and keep stress at bay.

See also: 10 Ways to Handle Difficult Days

How do you keep stress at a minimum in your home?

Please share your thoughts in the comments section at http://ift.tt/1zMEe2L, post your ideas on the Mighty Mommy Facebook page. or email me at mommy@quickanddirtytips.com. Visit my family-friendly boards at http://ift.tt/1wyJKr5.

Be sure to sign up for the upcoming Mighty Mommy newsletter chock full of practical advice to make your parenting life easier and more enjoyable. 



Jumat, 21 April 2017

How to Treat a Cut

9 Clever Tricks for Treating a Cut

Here are 9 surprising yet helpful ways to treat a cut.

Keeping Finger Bandages Dry

You put a Band-Aid on your finger to cover up a scratch, but you still have to go through your day full of hand-washing, child-bathing, and dishes-doing. To keep the bandage dry while you work, cover it with a non-inflated balloon—any color will do!

Sanitizing

You just got a nasty cut on your hand, but don’t have anything to clean it out with before you put the bandage on. Luckily, there’s something in your medicine cabinet that you may not have thought of—mouthwash. The alcohol-based formula for mouthwash was originally used as an antiseptic during surgeries, so it will definitely work for your cut, too.

White Glue

Instantly ease the sting of a paper cut with a bit of white glue. Just dab a small amount onto the area. Once it dries, it creates a liquid-bandage barrier that will seal out germs and make it hurt less.

See also: 4 Surprising Facts About Cutting and Self-Harm

Tea Bag

A wet tea bag placed on a bleeding cut will help coagulate the blood. This is a great tip for hiking, camping, or any other outdoor fun.

Vodka Tonic

Similarly, a familiar tipple from your wet bar can also be used to clean a cut: vodka! Saturate a cotton ball with the liquor and apply it directly to the cut to clean and disinfect a cut or scrape.

Turmeric

Turmeric, that lovely, orange-hued spice on your spice rack, can be used on minor cuts and scrapes. It’s anti-inflammatory and will help clean out the wound.

Honey

You went to the medicine cabinet and realized you were all out of bandages. Don’t worry—head to the pantry and use some honey instead. Apply a thin layer of honey to a clean, dry wound. Not only will honey’s antibacterial properties go to work on preventing infection, but the honey will dry on the skin forming a protective layer—a sort of bee-made bandage!

Tea Tree Oil

To clean out a cut or scrape, rinse it with diluted tea tree oil. Just mix a teaspoon in a glass of water, and pour it gently over the injured area to kill nasty germs. It’s a time-tested remedy that will work for you too!

Lick It Good

As a last resort, if you cut yourself somewhere where you can’t rinse out the injury—whether that’s in the middle of a hike or the middle of an important phone call—just lick it! Saliva can help kill germs and promote healing and will serve as a salve until you can give it a proper cleaning.

For everyday tips and lifehacks, tune in to the Who Knew podcast on Apple Podcasts and Stitcher! And don't forget to follow us on Facebook and Twitter.
Image courtesy of Shutterstock.


8 Tricks to Prevent and Stop Nosebleeds

How to Stop and Prevent Nosebleeds

Blow First

Here’s one quick trick when you have a nosebleed: Before you start treating it or applying pressure, blow your nose, hard, to blast out any blood clots. Then dab nasal decongestant on a tissue or cotton ball and stick it inside the nostril to absorb the remaining blood until it stops.

See Also: When Should You Worry About a Nosebleed?

Get Pinchy with It!

Hold a tissue over it and pinch the soft tip of the nose closed—this will help the blood clot and stop the flow. If blood flow is heavy, use a washcloth or towel to sop it up. Squeeze the nose for 10 minutes, then check to see if bleeding has ceased; squeeze for another 10 minutes, if necessary.

Nose Hands, No Problem!

Let’s say you’re working on something with your hands and can’t pinch your nose closed for 10 minutes yourself. Or maybe you’re injured and too weak for the job. Simply secure a clothespin over your schnoz, and voilĂ !

Go for the Cold

If pinching isn’t doing the job, try a cold compress too: Douse a washcloth or towel in ice-cold water, then place it on the bridge of the nose or back of the neck. Cold temps will force blood vessels to contract and slow the blood flow.

Stay Moist

A surefire way to prevent nosebleeds is to keep the air in your home moist. Use a humidifier, and be sure to drink plenty of water (that’s eight cups!) every day.

Witch Hazel

This multipurpose astringent will shrink blood vessels in the nostril and help squelch the bleeding. Dip a cotton swab or cotton ball in witch hazel, then place it inside the bloody nostril to coat and remove it.

Don’t Buy That!

Prone to bloody noses in the cold, dry winter months? The good news is that saline nasal sprays can keep your nose moist and prevent repeated nosebleeds—all while being completely safe and non-addictive, unlike medicated nasal sprays. The bad news? Those $5 bottles of saline spray will add up! Make your own saline solution instead: Heat one cup of water to boiling, then add a quarter teaspoon each of kosher salt and baking soda. Let the solution cool until just lukewarm. Apply inside your nostrils two or three times per day using a sterilized eyedropper, bulb syringe, or squeeze bottle. Money saved: $5-8/ bottle.

Aloe

Apply this moisturizing, soothing jelly inside the nostril to quicken the healing process.

For even more tips, see also: How to Stop a Nosebleed

For everyday tips and lifehacks, tune in to the Who Knew podcast on Apple Podcasts and Stitcher! And don't forget to follow us on Facebook and Twitter.
 
Image courtesy of Shutterstock.

 



7 Ways to Have More Self Discipline

Self-control goes by many aliases: willpower, discipline, restraint. It’s even that Frank Ocean song. No matter the name, it has huge influence over our health and our success.

Self-control helps determine whether we study or party, save or spend, keep or lose our temper, or focus on work or get pulled into the black hole of procrastination. Lack of self-control is even a symptom of a host of challenges, including depression, OCD, ADHD, and specific impulse-control disorders like hairpulling or compulsive shoplifting.

OK, now mimic the facepalm you give yourself when you see your credit card bill, the number on the scale, or length of your to-do list after a few weeks of not enough self-control. Not uncoincidentally, the part of the brain responsible for your downfall—the prefrontal cortex—lies directly behind the forehead you just smacked.

The prefrontal cortex allows us to plan, pay attention, regulate our emotions and our bodies, and generally avoid things we’ll regret. In other words, it allows us to resist and redirect our immediate impulses.

Self-control all boils down to one thing: saying ‘no’ to your own impulses. It’s resisting the easy thing to do the hard thing. It’s eating the apple instead of the Hot Pocket. It’s going to bed rather than staying up. It’s doing the anxiety-provoking task that moves you toward your dreams rather than scrolling through Twitter.  

Sometimes it’s subtle. You may do things that need to be done, but just not right now. Scrubbing the toilet may be virtuous, but not if it keeps you off task.

So next time you’re tempted to reach for that Hot Pocket (or for the productively impulsive among us, that toilet brush), try these seven tools.

Tip #1: Do your hard stuff in the morning

As the day wears on, our self-control wears out. In a simple but telling study, researchers at Harvard flashed a pattern of twenty dots on a computer screen for one second and asked participants whether there were more dots on the right side of the screen or the left. Participants made a selection, received some money, and then got another dot flash, for a total of one hundred flashes. But here’s the twist: they received ten times more money every time they chose the right-hand side, regardless of whether or not the answer was correct. Therefore, there was huge incentive to choose the right-hand side, even if it was the wrong answer.

Interestingly, those who did the experiment in the morning—between 8 AM and noon—were less likely to throw in a few extra right-hand answers than those tested in the afternoon—between noon and 6 PM.

The researchers called it the “morning morality effect,” but the take-home has less to do with morals than with self-control. Apparently good people find it harder to resist doing bad things, like cheating for some extra cash, as their energy flags throughout the day. It’s not an excuse for bad behavior, of course, but it teaches us not to expect stellar resistance to temptation at the end of a long day.

Since that study, there has been follow-up research showing the morning morality effect may only be true for morning people. If you’re a night owl, it’s possible that your most moral, self-controlled self comes out in the wee hours. The jury is still out on the definitive answer, but the moral (ha-ha) is to know yourself and your energy levels.

See Also: 8 Tips to Improve Your Self-Control

Tip #2: Change the environment to change your behavior

So what’s a morning lark to do in the danger zone of evening? What’s a night owl to do in the sleepy haze of morning? The solution: change your environment in order to change your behavior. In other words, the best way to resist temptation is simply to remove it.

The fewer decisions you have to make, the longer your willpower will last. If you can’t resist the siren song of Jelly Bellys at midnight, don’t buy them. If you find yourself on Facebook when you’re supposed to be writing, install an app that keeps you off social media. (By the way, I neither confirm nor deny knowing anything about either of those situations).  

In short, don’t set yourself up for failure. Just like you wouldn’t let a toddler loose in a gallery of Ming vases, don’t expect yourself to resist temptation when you’re tired, stressed, or hungry. Remove temptation and release yourself from the burden of exerting self-control when your surroundings can do it for you.


Tip #3: Track your progress

Think back to high school physics—remember the observer effect? Observation changes the phenomenon being observed? Trying to keep your credit card bill in check may not feel like physics, but it’s the same principle.

Keep a log or use a wearable tracker to monitor whatever sucks up your self-control. Keep a food diary, an exercise log, a sleep diary. It’s called monitoring. Indeed, it’s when we’re not paying attention that things tend to slide. So pay attention and track your progress. Simply observing will change what’s being observed, which just happens to be you.

Watching yourself scarf Funyuns or get sucked into interweb slideshows of “Worst Tattoos Ever” makes it less likely to happen.

Tip #4: Literally watch yourself

If you’re trying to stick to good habits while you’re stuck at a desk, try propping a mirror next to you. It works on the same principle as monitoring. Watching yourself scarf Funyuns or get sucked into interweb slideshows of “Worst Tattoos Ever” makes it less likely to happen.

Tip #5: Externalize time

This is a strategy from ADHD behavioral treatment. When you have to make a lot of transitions, like getting ready for school or work in the morning—shower, dress, eat, brush teeth, gather stuff—set a timer to go off every 3 to 5 minutes. Externalizing time with an audible reminder keeps it from sliding by unnoticed. And while 3 minutes, or even 5 minutes, may seem like a small chunk, you’d be surprised at how much you can actually get done. Plus, if you get sidetracked, the next alarm will jolt you back, and you won’t have wasted much time.

Tip #6: Allow yourself your distractions, just not now 

“I’ll do it later” is the mantra of every procrastinator. But flip-flop what you’ll do later. Rather than doing your big tasks later, tell yourself you’ll do your distractions later. Jot them down as your impulses occur to you: “Is Bernie Sanders vegan?” “Is Mr. T dead?” “How many beers can a frisbee hold?” (Answer to the latter: four—who knew?) Anyway, the point of writing them down is you can still follow your impulses, just not this instant. Which brings us to the next tip ...

Tip #7: Sometimes, just let go

If you’re a workaholic, perfectionist, or another type who expects 110% at all times, let yourself follow your impulses at least sometimes. Bright shiny items are particularly alluring when we don’t ever allow ourselves to pick them up.

So allow yourself some pointless, indulgent time-wasters, especially when your brain is fried anyway. Go ahead and google “duct tape prom dress,” watch New Edition videos, or otherwise gratify whatever you get distracted by. And hey perfectionists, guess what? It’s not so pointless and indulgent after all. In fact, it’s called rest.

Get more savvy by subscribing to the podcast on iTunes or Stitcher, or get the episode delivered straight to your inbox by signing up for the newsletter. And check out the new Savvy Psychologist Twitter account for even more helpful tips.



Kamis, 20 April 2017

Forensic Linguistics

the clues forensic linguists find in your writing

Every perpetrator leaves evidence at a crime scene—blood droplets on carpet, fingerprints left as hidden oil patterns on drinking glasses, clothing fibers on corpses. As fans of crime shows know, the forensic team’s job is to find the evidence and unlock its meaning. 

But evidence doesn’t have to be tangible. Language also helps solve crimes. Detectives specializing in the growing field of forensic linguistics—word scientists—look for language in ransom notes, threatening texts and other communications that may reveal the offender’s identity or state of mind. They study cadence of speech, grammatical lapses, or terms associated with a specific region. Northerners tend to say faucet, for example, while southerners say spigot. So if a ransom note demands that a bag of money be left by the spigot behind a warehouse, your kidnapper is likely a southerner.

The George Metesky Case

Forensic linguistics bookIn Michael Cannell’s book Incendiary, about the manhunt for a 1950s serial bomber, detectives noticed a small disparity in dialect that they hoped would lead them to the fugitive’s neighborhood. The bomber made the bombs himself from ordinary pipes and other hardware. In canvassing plumbing outlets, the police found that New Yorkers call a short stretch of galvanized connecting pipe “line pipe coupling.” North of the city the same item was known as “well-coupling.” 

The detectives therefore assumed the bomber lived in a northern suburb because he called his pipe “well-coupling.” But they knew little more than that. In desperation, they showed satchels of evidence to Dr. James Brussel, a psychiatrist with a particular interest in the workings of the criminal mind. Dr. Brussel noticed a reliance on awkward, old-fashioned phrases such as “treachery” and “dastardly deeds” in the handful of letters the bomber had sent to newspapers. The letters, he later wrote, “sounded to me as though they’d been written in a foreign language and then translated into English.” So the bomber was probably foreign, but of what nationality? 

Detectives suspected the bomber was of German descent because of his vaguely Teutonic handwriting. His G’s ended their circular form with an eccentric pair of horizontal slashes, like an equal sign. 

Dr. Brussel concluded the bomber was more likely Slavic after comparing his campaign to the prolific bombings by anarchists and other radicals in Eastern Europe. If the bomber was, in fact, an Eastern European who lived north of the city, he probably lived in Connecticut, where Slavic enclaves had formed around factories and mills. These conclusions, drawn from the bomber’s language and lettering, narrowed the search window. 

A few minutes before midnight on January 21, 1957, detectives knocked on the door of a wan, middle-aged man named George Metesky. As Brussel predicted, Metesky was of Lithuanian descent and a resident of the industrial town of Waterbury, Connecticut. While searching Metesky’s house, detectives found a notebook filled with handwriting that appeared to match the bomber’s. They handed Metesky a pen and asked him to write his name on a yellow legal pad. They watched, spellbound, as the familiar block letters appeared on the page—the G in George had the telltale double bars.


The JK Rowling Case

Despite this early success, it took another forty years for forensic linguistics to come into its own. In 1995 The New York Times and Washington Post published the notorious Unabomber’s rambling 35,000-word manifesto. A social worker in Upstate New York named David Kaczynski recognized the idiosyncratic phrasings and alerted authorities. In response, FBI linguist James Fitzgerald matched the language in the manifesto—the Unabomber’s reference to African-Americans as “negros,” for example, and his use of “chimerical” and other rarified words—to letters and other texts written by David Kaczynski’s estranged brother Ted, a math professor turned recluse. Forensic linguistics reached a new level of legitimacy when a judge accepted Fitzgerald’s word analysis as cause to issue a search warrant for Ted Kaczynski’s Montana cabin where police found bomb-making materials.  

Today forensic linguistics increasingly relies on computer analysis, as was the case in a recent literary riddle. 

Today forensic linguistics increasingly relies on computer analysis, as was the case in a recent literary riddle. “The Cuckoo’s Calling,” a detective novel about a supermodel’s suicide, was published in 2013 to respectable reviews, though critics noted that it was suspiciously polished for a first-time author. The book was written by a retired member of the Royal Military police under the pseudonym Robert Galbraith. Or so it was assumed until The Sunday Times of London received an anonymous tweet claiming that J.K. Rowling was the real author. The mystery novel now had its own mystery. 

The Sunday Times hired Patrick Juola, a computer scientist at Duquesne University in Pittsburgh, who used “stylometric” software to compare word usage in “The Cuckoo’s Calling” with the Harry Potter texts. The program considers millions of features, including most frequently used words and patterns of words used together. “Writers can choose to express an idea with a few precise words or bunch of common, general ones,” Juola wrote in Scientific American. “We’re not even conscious of many of these choices.”

Michael Cannell is the author of the new book Incendiary about the manhunt for a 1950s serial bomber. Pick up a copy from Amazon, Barnes & Noble, Indiebound, or Apple.

Buy Grammar Girl books.

Follow Grammar Girl on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn, Google+, Pinterest, YouTube, and Snapchat.

Subscribe to the Grammar Girl podcast on Apple Podcasts, Stitcher, SoundCloud, Android, GooglePlay, Spotify, or via RSS. 

Subscribe to the Grammar Girl email newsletter.

 



8 Ways to Get Rid of Canker Sores

8 Canker Sore Cures and 1 Prevention Tip

These 8 home remedies can help cure your canker sores. Plus, keep reading for our top way to prevent canker sores. 

Hydrogen Peroxide

Hydrogen peroxide may help reduce and relieve canker sores. Simply mix one part peroxide with one part water, then dab on any affected areas several times a day or swish around in your mouth for as long as possible.

Chamomile

The same chamomile tea that soothes a sour stomach can also calm canker sores. Allow the tea to cool, and then swish it around your mouth for a minute. Chamomile contains chamazulene, a natural anti-inflammatory agent, which will help accelerate the healing process.

See Also: What Is a Cold Sore?

Tea

Hold a damp tea bag over the area. Tea bags are filled with healthful tannins. Cool the tea bag for even more relief.

Honey

Dabbing unpasteurized honey on canker or cold sores four times a day will help them disappear fast, thanks to the enzymes it contains.

See Also: Nutrition Tips for Preventing Cold Sores

Suck on Slippery Elm

Native Americans have been using slippery elm for centuries to treat mouth, throat, stomach, and digestive ailments. Today you can buy slippery elm lozenges, available at health-food stores, which will provide lasting relief for canker sore pain. They’re also effective for coughs and sore throats too!

Baking Soda

A natural antacid, baking soda is a great canker sore remedy. Dissolve ½ teaspoon baking soda in a half cup of warm water, then swish it around your mouth. Baking soda is alkaline, so it will neutralize the acids in your mouth and relieve pain. A simple salt water rinse will help heal the sore as well.

Antacid

If you need on-the-go relief, a chewable antacid tablet is an ideal alternative to a baking soda or salt rinse. Just as antacids neutralize the acids in your stomach, so too will they temporarily neutralize the pain of a canker sore.

Vitamin E

To help heal a canker sore more quickly, dab a little vitamin E oil on the spot several times a day. The easiest way to do this is to break open a vitamin E capsule and apply it. The oil will coat the painful area and protect it.

Prevention, Prevention, Prevention

Your mouth is filled with bacteria, both good and bad. To make sure the good bacteria are on the winning team, eat a half-cup of plain yogurt every day. It can help prevent painful canker sores from ever forming in the first place.

For everyday tips and lifehacks, tune in to the Who Knew podcast on Apple Podcasts and Stitcher! And don't forget to follow us on Facebook and Twitter.
 
The suggestions offered here are for informational purposes only.  The author and publisher do not accept liability for damages arising from the use, attempted use, misuse, or application of any of the suggestions included on this website.
 
Image courtesy of Shutterstock.